Something you’ll likely find yourself doing a lot when live coding is looping through rings. You’ll be putting notes into rings for melodies, sleeps for rhythms, chord progressions, timbral variations, etc. etc.
Sonic Pi provides a very handy tool for working with rings within live_loop
s. It’s called the tick system. In the section about the rings we were talking about the counter that is constantly increasing, like a current beat number. Tick just implements this idea. It provides you with the ability to tick through rings. Let’s look at an example:
counter = 0
live_loop :arp do
play (scale :e3, :minor_pentatonic)[counter], release: 0.1
counter += 1
sleep 0.125
end
This is equivalent to:
live_loop :arp do
play (scale :e3, :minor_pentatonic).tick, release: 0.1
sleep 0.125
end
Here, we’re just grabbing the scale E3 minor pentatonic and ticking through each element. This is done by adding .tick
to the end of the scale declaration. This tick is local to the live loop, so each live loop can have its own independent tick:
live_loop :arp do
play (scale :e3, :minor_pentatonic).tick, release: 0.1
sleep 0.125
end
live_loop :arp2 do
use_synth :dsaw
play (scale :e2, :minor_pentatonic, num_octaves: 3).tick, release: 0.25
sleep 0.25
end
You can also call tick
as a standard fn and use the value as an index:
live_loop :arp do
idx = tick
play (scale :e3, :minor_pentatonic)[idx], release: 0.1
sleep 0.125
end
However, it is much nicer to call .tick
at the end. The tick
fn is for when you want to do fancy things with the tick value and for when you want to use ticks for other things than indexing into rings.
The magical thing about tick is that not only does it return a new index (or the value of the ring at that index) it also makes sure that next time you call tick, it’s the next value. Take a look at the examples in the docs for tick
for many ways of working with this. However, for now, it’s important to point out that sometimes you’ll want to just look at the current tick value and not increase it. This is available via the look
fn. You can call look
as a standard fn or by adding .look
to the end of a ring.
Finally, sometimes you’ll need more than one tick per live loop. This is achieved by giving your tick a name:
live_loop :arp do
play (scale :e3, :minor_pentatonic).tick(:foo), release: 0.1
sleep (ring 0.125, 0.25).tick(:bar)
end
Here we’re using two ticks one for the note to play and another for the sleep time. As they’re both in the same live loop, to keep them separate we need to give them unique names. This is exactly the same kind of thing as naming live_loop
s - we just pass a symbol prefixed with a :
. In the example above we called one tick :foo
and the other :bar
. If we want to look
at these we also need to pass the name of the tick to look
.
Most of the power in the tick system isn’t useful when you get started. Don’t try and learn everything in this section. Just focus on ticking through a single ring. That’ll give you most of the joy and simplicity of ticking through rings in your live_loop
s.
Take a look at the documentation for tick
where there are many useful examples and happy ticking!